Vale is the world's largest producer of nickel, one of the most versatile metals in existence. Hard and malleable, nickel resists corrosion and maintains ...
Process. Material input. Air emissions. Process wastes. Other wastes. Copper concentration. Copper ore, water, chemical reagents, thickeners : Flotation ...
Aluminum is manufactured in two phases: the Bayer process of refining the bauxite ore to obtain aluminum oxide, and the HallHeroult process ...
To make stainless steel, the raw materials—iron ore, chromium, silicon, nickel, etc.—are melted together in an electric furnace.